Ubuntu-L2-Corporal

File Permissions & Ownership

1. chmod — Change file permissions

   chmod 644 file.txt
   chmod +x script.sh

2. chown — Change file owner

   sudo chown user:user file.txt

3. stat — Detailed file information

   stat file.txt

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Process & System Control

1. ps — View running processes

   ps aux

2. top — Real-time process monitor

   top

3. htop — Enhanced process viewer (install first)

   sudo apt install htop
   htop

4. kill — Stop a process by PID

   kill 1234

5. pkill — Kill process by name

   pkill firefox

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Networking Basics

1. ip a — Show IP addresses

   ip a

2. ping — Test network connectivity

   ping google.com

3. curl — Fetch data from a URL

   curl https://example.com

4. wget — Download files

   wget https://example.com/file.zip

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Compression & Archives

1. tar — Create/extract archives

   tar -czvf files.tar.gz folder/
   tar -xzvf files.tar.gz

2. zip — Create ZIP archives

   zip files.zip file1 file2

3. unzip — Extract ZIP files

   unzip files.zip

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Disk & Hardware

1. lsblk — List block devices

   lsblk

2. mount — Mount a filesystem

   sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt

3. umount — Unmount a filesystem

   sudo umount /mnt

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Terminal Productivity

1. clear — Clear terminal screen

   clear

2. history — Show command history

   history

3. alias — Create command shortcuts

   alias ll='ls -la'

4. watch — Run a command repeatedly

   watch df -h

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Text Editing & Input

1. nano — Terminal text editor

   nano notes.txt

2. xargs — Build argument lists from input

   cat files.txt | xargs rm

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User & Session Control

1. logout — End terminal session

   logout

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